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Prevention and mitigation planning primarily focus on developing policies to minimize threats. This approach involves identifying potential risks and implementing strategies to reduce the likelihood of those risks manifesting into actual incidents. The goal is to proactively establish measures that can mitigate the impact of hazards and enhance overall safety and security within a community.

This proactive stance is essential in homeland security as it shifts the focus from merely responding to crises to establishing frameworks and procedures that prevent crises from occurring in the first place. By creating well-thought-out policies, organizations can better allocate resources, train personnel, and engage with communities to foster resilience against various threats.

In contrast, reviewing past practices and critiquing existing procedures, while valuable for learning and improvement, do not directly address the proactive nature of prevention and mitigation. Reacting swiftly to incidents is a critical component of emergency response, but it does not account for the necessary prior planning needed to lessen risks before they escalate into emergencies.